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Essential Elements of Motivational Interviewing

Jennifer Stone, PT, DPT, OCS, PHC, TPS, HLC

May 1, 2023

Question

What are the essential elements of motivational interviewing?

Answer

The four essential elements of motivational interviewing are partnership, acceptance, compassion, and evocation. 

Partnership includes:

  • Viewing the client as an active partner 
  • Embracing and respecting clients' expertise on:
    • Themselves
    • Their histories
    • Their prior efforts to change
  • Actively elicit the client's hopes and goals
  • Creating a positive environment where change is possible.

Acceptance includes:

  • Elements of Partnership and moves beyond with four domains
    • Absolute worth
    • Autonomy
    • Accurate empathy
    • Affirmation

If we accept clients where they are, they are less defensive and more open to the possibility of change

Compassion includes: 

  • Extending beyond the definition of experiencing caring and concern for another's suffering
  • Includes working on behalf of the client's welfare

Evocation includes: 

  • Drawing out ideas and solutions from within the client
  • Evoking reasons and potential methods for changing
  • Offering ideas for the clients' consideration
  • Acknowledging there are multiple ways to enact change and motivation.


jennifer stone

Jennifer Stone, PT, DPT, OCS, PHC, TPS, HLC

Dr. Jennifer Stone graduated from Texas State University in 2009 and completed her transitional DPT through MGHIHP in 2010. She completed an orthopedic residency through Evidence In Motion in 2010 and is a board-certified orthopedic clinical specialist through the American Board of Physical Therapists Specialties (ABPTS). She received a pelvic health certification through Herman & Wallace in 2013. She serves as the Director of Operations for Evidence in Motion and program director for Evidence In Motion’s pelvic health content. She is also an adjunct faculty member for the University of Pittsburgh’s entry level DPT program. Dr. Stone is an active member of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA). Her clinical experience includes orthopedics, pelvic health, and practice management in both hospital and private practice settings. Jennifer is passionate about teaching and opening the world of pelvic health to all types of clinicians

 


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Studies indicate that up to 95% of women with chronic low back pain also report symptoms consistent with pelvic floor dysfunction. You may not be a pelvic health specialist, but there are many tools that you can access to allow you to screen and perform a differential diagnosis for pelvic floor dysfunction, treat your patients for low back pain in a pelvic floor-informed way, and know when to refer out to a specialist.